Getting Around Japan
The rail network is excellent. Knowing how to use it saves time and money.
Japan's public transport is one of the most reliable systems in the world. Trains are on time, networks are comprehensive, and even rural towns often have bus connections. The challenge is understanding which pass or ticket makes sense for your route.
In most cases, an IC card (Suica or Pasmo) handles daily movement in cities, and point-to-point shinkansen tickets cover long-distance travel. The JR Pass is only worth it in specific scenarios.
How to Get Around
Everyday transit
IC Card (Suica / Pasmo)
A rechargeable contactless card that works on virtually all trains, subways, and buses across Japan. No need to buy tickets — just tap in and tap out. Also works at convenience stores and vending machines.
Best for: Everyone. Get this on day one.
Long-distance travel
Shinkansen (Bullet Train)
The fastest way between cities. Tokyo to Osaka takes 2h20m; Tokyo to Kyoto is 2h15m. Tickets can be booked at station ticket machines or online. Unreserved seats are cheaper; reserved seats cost a bit more.
Best for: Multi-city travel between major destinations.
Unlimited pass
JR Pass
Covers most JR-operated trains including most shinkansen lines (not Nozomi/Mizuho). A 7-day pass costs around $300. It pays off if you're doing Tokyo → Kyoto → Hiroshima → back. Calculate your actual routes first.
Best for: Multi-city trips covering 3+ long-distance routes.
City-specific
Regional Subway & Metro
Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, and Sapporo all have their own metro systems. Tokyo's is run by two operators (Tokyo Metro and Toei). An IC card works everywhere — no need for separate city passes unless you're doing many rides in one day.
Best for: Within-city movement.
Budget option
Highway Bus
Intercity buses (Willer, JR Bus) run overnight routes between major cities for significantly less than shinkansen. Tokyo to Osaka overnight starts around $25. Slower, but useful for budget travelers.
Best for: Long-distance on a budget, especially overnight.
Last resort
Taxis
Clean, metered, and reliable — but expensive. A 10-minute ride in Tokyo can cost ¥1,500–2,500. Useful for late nights, luggage-heavy situations, or when no other option exists. Apps: GO, DiDi.
Best for: Short trips when transit isn't an option.
Transport Tips
Buy your Suica before landing
iPhone users can add a Suica to Apple Wallet before arriving in Japan. This means you step off the plane and tap directly through the gate — no queuing at the ticket machine.
Check the last train time
Trains in Japan stop running around midnight. Miss the last train and a taxi back can cost ¥5,000–10,000. Check HyperDia or Google Maps for last departure times.
IC card works in most cities
A single Suica or Pasmo card works in Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, Fukuoka, Sapporo, and most other cities. You don't need to buy a separate card in each region.
Luggage forwarding (takkyubin)
If you're moving between cities, ship your luggage ahead via Yamato Transport (Kuroneko). Drop off at any convenience store and it arrives at your next hotel next day. Costs around ¥1,500–2,000 per bag.